What is the most common congenital heart defect in children?

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is identified as the most common congenital heart defect in children. This condition involves a hole in the wall (septum) that separates the two lower chambers of the heart (ventricles). This defect allows blood to flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle, which can lead to increased blood flow to the lungs and potential complications such as pulmonary hypertension.

VSDs can vary in size and may occur isolated or in conjunction with other heart defects. Their prevalence in the general pediatric population is higher than that of other congenital heart defects, making it a common concern in pediatric cardiology. While other defects such as atrial septal defect, coarctation of the aorta, and patent ductus arteriosus are also significant congenital heart conditions, they are not as frequently diagnosed as VSDs.

Understanding the commonality and implications of VSD is crucial for early diagnosis and management, ensuring that children receive appropriate treatment to avoid complications associated with untreated defects.