What is the medical term for the defect where the duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery remains open in newborns?

The medical term for the condition where the ductus arteriosus, a vascular structure connecting the aorta and the pulmonary artery, fails to close after birth is called patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). In a healthy newborn, this duct typically closes within the first few days of life as part of the normal transition from fetal to neonatal circulation. However, if it remains open, or "patent," it can result in increased blood flow to the lungs and may lead to heart failure and other complications if not addressed. PDA is more common in premature infants but can also occur in full-term infants. Recognizing and treating this condition is crucial in pediatric cardiology to prevent long-term cardiovascular issues.

Understanding the specific terminology and implications of PDA is essential, especially for those studying pediatric cardiovascular disorders, as it significantly impacts management and treatment strategies for affected newborns.